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The sprayer nozzle is the most important part of the atomized liquid medicine, which plays a decisive role in the spray quality. Sprayer nozzles mainly include three types: vortex nozzles, fan nozzles, and impingement nozzles.
(1) Swirl nozzle
Its characteristic is that there is a guiding part inside the nozzle, and the high-pressure liquid medicine produces spiral movement through the guiding part. According to different structures, vortex sprinklers are divided into three types: tangential centrifugal sprinklers, vortex fin sprinklers and vortex core sprinklers.
① Tangential centrifugal nozzle. It is composed of nozzle cap, nozzle hole piece, gasket and nozzle body, as shown in Figure 8-14. The nozzle body is processed into an inner cavity with a cone core and an infusion chute tangent to the inner cavity. There is a nozzle hole in the center of the nozzle hole, and the hole diameter is 0.7mm, 1.0mm, 1.3mm and 1.6mm (NJ130-75). The cone core vortex chamber is formed between the inner cavity and the nozzle plate. In order to prevent corrosion, the parts in the nozzle that are in contact with the liquid medicine are mostly made of copper or plastic.
The high-pressure liquid flow enters the infusion chute from the spray rod. As the cross-sectional area of the chute becomes smaller, the flow velocity increases rapidly. As the radius of gyration decreases, the circumferential velocity of the liquid chemical particle is greater. The particle of the liquid medicine sprayed from the nozzle has two speeds: one is the forward speed Vc parallel to the centerline of the nozzle, and the other is the tangential speed Vt of high-speed rotation. The combined speed V of the two is the actual movement of the liquid particle. Direction, there is an angle α between it and the center line, and 2α is the fog cone angle. Because the spraying process of the liquid medicine is continuous, after the liquid medicine is sprayed from the spray hole, it becomes a cone-shaped scattering film. The farther away from the hole, the thinner the liquid film, which breaks into fragments and condenses into droplets. Due to the effect of air resistance, the large droplets continue to break into smaller droplets.
The tangential centrifugal nozzle has a simple structure and is not easy to be blocked, but the degree of atomization is poor. The diameter of the droplet is generally greater than 250μm, and it is mostly used for manual sprayers. In order to improve work efficiency and use with larger motorized sprayers, in addition to making a single nozzle, there are also two nozzles and four nozzles. For example, the tangential centrifugal nozzle used in conjunction with the Gongnong-36 motorized sprayer is a dual nozzle or four nozzle type combined nozzle.
②Vortex blade nozzle. It is composed of nozzle cap, nozzle piece, gasket, vortex plate and nozzle body, as shown in Figure 8-16. Two shell-shaped oblique holes are punched symmetrically along the circumferential direction on the vortex sheet. A washer is sandwiched between the nozzle plate and the vortex plate, thereby forming a vortex chamber. The atomization principle of the vortex blade nozzle is similar to the working principle of the tangential centrifugal nozzle. Its characteristic is that the pressure liquid enters the vortex chamber through the oblique hole of the vortex blade, and produces high-speed spiral motion. The working pressure of this nozzle is 300-400kPa, the atomization performance is good, the diameter of the atomized liquid is 150-300μm, the structure is simple, and it is mostly used for manual sprayers.
③Swirl core sprinkler. It consists of a nozzle cap, a vortex core, a nozzle body, etc. Its working principle is basically the same as that of a tangential centrifugal nozzle. When working, the liquid medicine is fed from the liquid pipe or nozzle and flows along the chute with a spiral angle to produce The centrifugal force causes the liquid medicine to be sprayed out of the spray hole in a fog cone shape, and collide with the surrounding air during centrifugal rotation to form fine droplets with a droplet diameter of 150-300μm. The working pressure is generally 150-300kPa, and the structure is more complicated.
